Andrew Bennett has been named ambassador for Canada's Office of Religious Freedom, Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced today.
"Around the world, violations of religious freedom are widespread and they are increasing," Harper said In a speech at the Ahmadiyya Muslim community centre and mosque in Vaughan, Ont.
"Dr. Bennett is a man of principle and deep convictions and he will encourage the protection of religious minorities around the world so all can practise their faith without fear of violence and repression."
Bennett, a Catholic, is dean of Augustine College, a Christian liberal arts college in Ottawa. He has a PhD in politics from the University of Edinburgh and a master of arts in history from McGill University in Montreal.
Bennett wrote his doctoral thesis on comparing separatists and nationalist movements in Quebec, Scotland and Catalonia.
After graduating, he went to work for the deputy minister of intergovernmental affairs. He later worked at the Export Development Corporation.
Harper first promised the new branch of the Foreign Affairs Department during the last federal election campaign.
"This was a platform commitment, to create an office of religious freedom, to make the protection of religious freedom of vulnerable religious minorities a key pillar of Canadian foreign policy," Immigration Minister Jason Kenney, who attended the announcement, told reporters on Monday.
The office is to be housed within the Foreign Affairs Department, but the minister, John Baird, didn't attend the announcement. Baird was in Panama on Tuesday after the last-minute postponement of a planned trip to Venezuela. Also attending was International Co-operation Minister Julian Fantino, whose riding contains the Ahmadiyya community centre.
Janet Epp Buckingham, of Trinity Western University, described on its website as offering a "Christ-centred" education, told CBC that the Office of Religious Freedom will act as an advisory body to Foreign Affairs, and will draw on the expertise of ex-pats in Canada about the religious situation in their countries.
Closed-door meeting
In 2011, a closed-door meeting about the office, organized by the government, was criticized by some scholars after it turned out four of the six panellists being consulted were drawn from Christian religions, with the other two being Jewish and Baha'i.
Epp Buckingham said that she was aware of a "wide variety of groups that have had input into the office."
Don Hutchinson, of the Evangelical Fellowship of Canada, who was one of the six panelists consulted by the government, also told CBC that different religious groups had been widely consulted.
But Colin Clay, an Anglican priest in Saskatoon, who heads both Multi-Faith Saskatoon and Multi-Faith Saskatchewan, said he didn't know of any consultation with his groups and first found out about the proposed Office of Religious Freedom by reading about it in a newspaper.
Asked if the office might be biased toward Christians, Hutchinson said, "The most persecuted faith on the planet is the Christian faith community. So in striking a balance, one would have to look at the orthodox or Roman Catholic or evangelical communities as well as the needs of the various Muslim communities and the Baha'i and other groups."
Arvind Sharma, who teaches comparative religion at McGill, told CBC that one of the reasons Christian faiths are the most persecuted is because they are also the most proselytizing in many parts of the world.
"Conversion can mean two things when related to religious freedom", he said. "My right to change my religion and somebody else's right to ask me to change my religion. The person who is trying to convert somebody may use deception, may use threat, may use temptation and so on."
However, Sharma also said, "I see a great opportunity because the office is being set up in Canada and Canada is a self-consciously multi-cultural society, so it has this great opportunity to define religious freedom in a way which is inclusive, which takes the views of all the religions in the world into this view and not just the missionary religions."
'It must not become Christian-centric'
Liberal MP Irwin Cotler, a human rights advocate and his party's critic on human rights, welcomed the office and noted that religious freedom is a "fundamental human right under our Charter of Rights and Freedoms."
However, he warned, "it must not become Christian-centric, or it must not appear to prefer a particular religion. In other words, there has to be an egalitarian approach."
Paul Dewar, the NDP's critic for foreign affairs, told CBC there had been no consultation with opposition parties about the office. He recalled that when prime minister Brian Mulroney set up the International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development, also known as Rights and Democracy, in 1988, the opposition parties were broadly consulted.
Rights and Democracy had been created to be a non-partisan, independent Canadian institution that monitored human rights around the world and provided support to democratic groups. The government pulled the plug on it last year.
Dewar said about the office for religious freedom, "If this is all we have to replace human rights protection and democratic development abroad, I think it's short changing what Canada can do."
Andrew Bennett teaches the History of Christianity and also serves as Dean of Augustine College since February, 2011. He received a Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Edinburgh in 2002, an M.A. in History from McGill University in 1997 and an Hons. B.A. in History from Dalhousie University in 1995. He is currently completing a part-time degree in theology (Eastern Christian Studies) at the Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky Institute for Eastern Christian Studies at Saint Paul University in Ottawa. He has taught at the School of Social and Political Studies and the Centre for Canadian Studies, both at the University of Edinburgh, and in the Department of History at McGill University. He worked for several years as a Political Risk Analyst for Export Development Canada, Ottawa, and as a Policy Analyst in the Privy Council Office in Ottawa. He is presently the Vice-President of the Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky Institute Foundation which supports Eastern Christian studies in North America.
Sources say an unknown gunman fired at the 55-year-old Christian man after it is believed he was attacked after he resisted pressures from co-workers to convert to Islam.
